Glossary term

life cycle

The chain of stages a product passes through, from resource extraction and production to use and end-of-life treatment.

2 official sourcesrelated_but_not_identical

What does life cycle mean?

Life cycle is a foundational concept for product sustainability, carbon accounting, and digital passport logic. It provides the structure that connects sourcing, manufacturing, use, maintenance, and end-of-life into one regulatory and analytical frame.

Official definitions by source

ESPR

Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for sustainable products

the consecutive and interlinked stages of a product’s life, consisting of raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources, pre-processing, manufacturing, storage, distribution, installation, use, maintenance, repair, upgrading, refurbishment and reuse, and end-of-life;

Reference: Article 2, point 12

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ISO 14067:2018

ISO 14067:2018 - Greenhouse gases — Carbon footprint of products

consecutive and interlinked stages related to a product (3.1.3.1), from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to end-of-life treatment

Reference: 3.1.4.2

View official source

How the definitions differ

Life cycle refers to the linked stages in a product’s existence, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources through use and end-of-life treatment.

Regulatory context

This term originates in ISO 14067:2018 and/or ISO 14044 LCA methodology. It is used in EU product regulation — particularly under the EU Battery Regulation (PEF method for carbon footprint) and ESPR (environmental footprint) — because both regulations require lifecycle-based quantification of environmental impacts. Practitioners applying these regulations should be familiar with these LCA/PEF concepts to correctly scope, conduct, and verify product-level environmental assessments.

Practical application

This term matters whenever a company needs to decide which product stages must be covered in an assessment, disclosure, or data workflow. It is especially important for lifecycle assessments, battery passports, and product-level environmental reporting.

Minespider commentary

For Minespider, life cycle is a structuring concept rather than a decorative sustainability phrase. It is what allows separate traceability events and environmental data points to be assembled into a coherent regulatory picture.

Common confusions

  • Reducing life cycle to manufacturing only, and ignoring use-phase or end-of-life stages.
  • Assuming every source lists the same stages with the same level of detail.
  • Confusing life cycle as a concept with LCA as a methodology built on that concept.

Related regulations

Related Minespider reading

What is a Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and how can you conduct one?

Directly relevant to the concept and methodology built around lifecycle stages.

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Battery laws in the top EV producing countries

Uses life-cycle framing in a regulatory battery context.

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Connects lifecycle thinking to circularity and traceability.

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Niobium potential for batteries

Shows lifecycle-related sustainability reasoning in a battery materials context.

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Challenges related to the battery regulation adoption

Provides Minespider context for life cycle in an article where “life cycle” is a natural glossary bridge.

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The Battery Supply Chain eBook

High-value bridge term for batteries and product-passport content.

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